City of Holland - Land Uses

Accessory dwelling units (ADUs)

An "accessory dwelling unit (ADU)" is a detached dwelling unit that is permitted only on properties with a single detached principal dwelling unit. ADUs are a lesser size than the principal dwelling unit and include a kitchen, a sleeping area, and full bathroom facilities.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right GMU LDR MDR PUD TNR

Vehicle Parking:
GMU, LDR, MDR, PUD, TNR, MHR Districts:1 parking space per dwelling unit. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Accessory dwelling units are an important aspect of the housing market, allowing for additional housing units (frequently at an attainable price point) within neighborhoods, without altering community character. However, accessory dwelling units must be regulated to ensure that they are safe, meet standards for modern residential dwellings, and do not negatively impact neighboring properties.

See Sec. 39-9.07: Accessory dwelling units (ADUs) for more detailed information.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

MDR, TNR, GMU Districts: Permitted only on properties with single detached dwelling units.
PUD Districts: May be permitted when property contains a single detached dwelling unit.

Alternative energy - solar

A device that provides the collection, storage, and distribution of solar energy for space heating, cooling, or power generation, including both the solar panels and all accessory structures.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use with Restrictions CMU CNR ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR I LDR MDR MHR NMU OS PUD RMU TNR

Vehicle Parking:
In order to ensure that all land uses in the City are provided with an appropriate amount of parking, and that parking lots are designed and maintained to be safe, sustainable, and attractive. Sufficient parking is necessary to ensure economic viability and efficient mobility, but excess parking degrades the built environment, creates safety hazards for pedestrians, bicyclists, and vehicles, and damages the natural environment. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements., required parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Solar panel arrays (small-scale and accessory).

a. Zone districts permitted: all zone districts.
b. Approving authority: Zoning Administrator.
c. Additional review processes: special land use approval in I Zone District as a principal use under Section 39-4.04B2.
d. Standards.

1) Small-scale: may be mounted on a roof of a principal or accessory building or may be freestanding; shall not be a principal use, and shall not be considered an accessory structure.
2) Setbacks. Freestanding solar panel arrays shall meet the front setback requirement for principal structures in the zone district in which they are located.
3) Height. Freestanding solar panel arrays shall not exceed 15 feet in height.

Solar panel arrays as a principal use.

a. Zone districts permitted as a special land use: I Zone District.
b. Approving authority: Planning Commission.
c. Additional review processes: permitted as accessory freestanding or rooftop per Section 39-4.02B2.
d. Standards.

1) Large-scale: shall be freestanding solar panel arrays. These standards include all associated equipment and facilities.
2) The basic special land use standards in § 39-4.03B and Sec. 39-12.08: Special land use review process shall be met.
3) Setbacks: shall be set back at least 20 feet from the nearest property line and 100 feet from the nearest residential dwelling.
4) Height. Freestanding principal solar panel arrays shall not exceed 25 feet in height.
5) The applicant shall obtain approval from the Holland Board of Public Works (HBPW).

Alternative energy - wind

A facility that produces energy by converting wind energy to electricity by means of wind turbines, including the wind turbine and all accessory structures. Also known as Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS). The following are definitions of types of wind energy facilities, and terms associated with them. See Sec. 39-14.01: Terms defined under "Wind Energy Facility" for additional terms associated with wind energy.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use with Restrictions CMU CNR ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR I LDR MDR MHR NMU OS PUD RMU TNR

Vehicle Parking:
In order to ensure that all land uses in the City are provided with an appropriate amount of parking, and that parking lots are designed and maintained to be safe, sustainable, and attractive. Sufficient parking is necessary to ensure economic viability and efficient mobility, but excess parking degrades the built environment, creates safety hazards for pedestrians, bicyclists, and vehicles, and damages the natural environment. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements., required parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Wind energy turbines up to 40 feet in height (small-scale and accessory).

a. Zone districts permitted: all zone districts.
b. Approving authority: Zoning Administrator.
c. Additional review processes: special land use approval if greater than 40 feet in height and in I Zone District as a principal use (§ 39-4.04B.1).
d. Standards.

1) Small-scale: may be mounted on the roof of a principal or accessory building or may be freestanding; shall not be a principal use, and shall not be considered an accessory structure.
2) Setbacks. At its most horizontal position, the blade shall not cross a property line and the turbine shall be set back from all property lines at a minimum of the same dimension as the maximum tip height.
3) Maximum tip height: 40 feet from grade, except where state and federal regulations, or the West Michigan Airport Authority require a lesser height.
4) Minimum ground clearance: 10 feet for ground-mounted turbines, the minimum vertical blade tip clearance from grade.
5) Shadow flicker: shall not produce off-site shadow flicker.

Wind turbines over 40 feet in height (large-scale).

a. Zone districts permitted as a special land use: as an accessory use in all zone districts; as a principal use in the I Zone District.
b. Approving authority: Planning Commission.
c. Additional review processes: For wind turbines 40 feet or less in height, see § 39-4.02B.1.
d. Standards.

1) Large-scale: shall be freestanding; shall not be considered an accessory structure.
2) Shall comply with the basic special land use standards in § 39-4.03B and Sec. 39-12.08: Special land use review process.
3) Setbacks. The minimum setback for the turbine structure shall be equal to the maximum tip height of the turbine.
4) No maximum tip height. There shall be no maximum tip height; however, the proposed height shall meet all state and federal regulations and be approved by the West Michigan Airport Authority and the Planning Commission. The Planning Commission may require a lesser height.
5) Minimum ground clearance. The minimum vertical blade tip clearance from grade shall be 50 feet.
6) Shadow flicker: shall not produce off-site shadow flicker.
7) Noise standards.

a) The applicant shall provide an initial sound modeling report and, within six months of commencing operation of the wind turbine, a post-construction sound report for the project.
b) No wind turbine shall generate audible noise that exceeds 45 dBA (Lmax) or 55 dBC (Lmax) (dBC) to dBA ratio of 10 dB per ANSI standard S12.9 Part 4 Annex D) for any duration, at a property line.
c) Leq 1-sec shall be used for all measurements and modeling.

Bed-and-breakfasts

An owner-occupied single detached dwelling unit licensed to provide overnight sleeping accommodations and to serve breakfast to paying guests.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions CNR F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT HDR LDR MDR MHR PUD TNR

Vehicle Parking:
CNR, HDR, LDR, MDR, MHR, TNR Districts:1 parking space per guest room, plus 1 parking space for the dwelling unit.
PUD and F Districts: 1 parking space per lodging unit, plus 1 parking space for the dwelling unit.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
4 bicycle parking spaces.
MDR and PUD Districts: 1 parking space per 10 rooms, minimum 4 parking spaces available to the general public.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

1. Zone districts permitted: all zone districts where single detached dwelling units are permitted.
2. Approving authority.

a. One to four guest rooms: Zoning Administrator.
b. Five to eight guest rooms: special exception by Board of Appeals. See Sec. 39-12.12: Board of Appeals processes and procedures.

3. General standards for one to eight guest rooms:

a. The property owner shall reside on-site.
b. The use shall comply with all requirements of Chapter 26: Public Lodging Houses and Residential Care Facilities of the City Code of Ordinances.
c. Full bathroom facilities shall be available at a ratio of at least one bathroom for every two guest rooms, in addition to separate full bathroom facilities for the owner.
d. A minimum of one parking space shall be provided for each guest room in addition to a minimum of one space for the resident owner. Each space shall be independently accessible to a street.
e. The establishment shall be permitted to have one identification sign, not larger than six square feet, mounted in the ground or on the wall of the building. Ground-mounted signs shall not exceed four feet in height and be set back a minimum of 10 feet from all property lines. This section shall supersede Article 39-8: Signage.
f. Guests shall stay no more than 21 consecutive days.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

PUD District: This use is permitted with restrictions in this district. See Sec. 39-4.02: Permitted land uses with additional standards for more information.

Campgrounds

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use with Restrictions CMU OS PUD

Vehicle Parking:
In order to ensure that all land uses in the City are provided with an appropriate amount of parking, and that parking lots are designed and maintained to be safe, sustainable, and attractive. Sufficient parking is necessary to ensure economic viability and efficient mobility, but excess parking degrades the built environment, creates safety hazards for pedestrians, bicyclists, and vehicles, and damages the natural environment. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements., required parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Campgrounds:

1. Zone districts permitted as a special land use: OS, CMU, and PUD Zone Districts.
2. Approving authority: Planning Commission.
3. Standards.

a. The basic special land use standards are met per Section 39-4.03B and Section 39-12.08.
b. The campground shall comply with Part 125 of the Public Health Code, Act 368 of 1978, as amended, including required licenses and inspections.
c. Minimum property area: five acres.
d. Campsites shall be set back a minimum of 100 feet from all property lines.
e. Retail uses within the campground shall be no more than 2,000 square feet in area and shall be an accessory use to the campground use.
f. The property shall be connected to public water and sewer.
g. A permanent building containing bathrooms and shower facilities shall be provided and shall meet or exceed the minimum number required by the Public Health Code.
h. The perimeter of the campground shall be enclosed by a solid fence or other screening as determined by the approving authority. Fence heights and types shall comply with Section 39-9.08.
i. Dumpsters shall be centrally located in the campground and a minimum of 100 feet from all property lines.
j. Campsite access roads shall be a minimum of 100 feet from all property lines, except for the main entrance driveway that provides access into the campground.
k. Outdoor group activities shall be limited to 7:00 a.m. through 10:00 p.m.
l. The maximum duration of stay at a campground shall not exceed 29 consecutive days.
m. An application and site plan for a campground shall contain the following:

1) Items required by Section 39-12.09.
2) Landscaping that complies with Article 39-6.
3) Location of any electrical pedestals and water/sewer connections for individual campsites.
4) Playground equipment (if provided).
5) Any other amenities provided at the campground.

Care facilities

CARE FACILITIES
A private or public facility where people live on-site to receive care, treatment, supervision, or rehabilitation for physical, mental, social-emotional, social-economic or similar conditions. Examples include nursing home, home for the aged, convalescent home, rehab clinic.

ADULT FOSTER CARE FACILITY
A dwelling or establishment that provides supervision, assistance, protection, or personal care and room and board to an adult. These facilities are typically licensed by the state. This does not include a licensed home for the aged, nursing home, or a mental hospital.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right CMU F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT PUD Districts Permitted with Restrictions HDR Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use GMU MHR RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, F, GMU, PUD, RMU Districts: 1.25 parking spaces per patient room. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, F, GMU, PUD, RMU Districts: Approving authority determination. See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Care facilities:

1. Zone districts permitted: HDR; up to 20 occupants.
2. Approving authority.

a. If site plan required: Planning Commission or Administrative Staff.
b. If no site plan required: Zoning Administrator.

3. Additional review processes.

a. Special land use approval in HDR with over 20 occupants, RMU and GMU Zone Districts, see Section 39-4.03.

4. Standards.

a. Screened: All outdoor patios and outdoor recreation areas shall be screened from adjacent residential uses.
b. Shall comply with Chapter 26, Article II, Residential Care Facilities, of the City Code of Ordinances.

Cemetery (public and private)

Land used for the burial of the dead, including columbariums and mausoleums.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right OS

Vehicle Parking:
In order to ensure that all land uses in the City are provided with an appropriate amount of parking, and that parking lots are designed and maintained to be safe, sustainable, and attractive. Sufficient parking is necessary to ensure economic viability and efficient mobility, but excess parking degrades the built environment, creates safety hazards for pedestrians, bicyclists, and vehicles, and damages the natural environment. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements., required parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Child care, in-home (group)

Are private homes where 8 to 14 minor children are supervised and cared for for periods of less than 24 hours a day and for more than four weeks during a calendar year by an unrelated adult member in the group child-care provider's home. Children related to the child-care provider may also be cared for and are not included in the fourteen-children capacity.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right CMU CNR ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT HDR LDR MDR MHR PUD TNR

Vehicle Parking:
In order to ensure that all land uses in the City are provided with an appropriate amount of parking, and that parking lots are designed and maintained to be safe, sustainable, and attractive. Sufficient parking is necessary to ensure economic viability and efficient mobility, but excess parking degrades the built environment, creates safety hazards for pedestrians, bicyclists, and vehicles, and damages the natural environment. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements., required parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Criteria for approval.

1) The applicant shall demonstrate that all criteria in § 39-4.02D is met;
2) The applicant shall provide an application with the items specified in § 39-12.04C and the following items:

a) Sketch floor plan of floors and rooms proposed for use in the child-care operations;
b) Location of drives and parking areas serving the premises;
c) Location and heights of any walls, fences, or landscape barriers, including location of gates and types of construction material; and
d) Location of all outside play areas to be used in the child-care program and identification of any portion of the exterior premises that will be specifically excluded from use or access by child-care activities;

3) The Board of Appeals may grant a special exception (see § 39-12.12D) permitting the use of the residence as a group child-care home if it finds, based on the evidence submitted by the applicant and the public hearing, that all of the following exist:

a) The group child-care home shall be located on a site with a minimum of 5,000 square feet of lot area and the proposed site shall contain a minimum of 100 square feet per child of usable outdoor play area. For purposes of this section, "usable outdoor play area" shall be defined as the area located on the lot behind the established front yard setback of the home that is available or devoted to outdoor activities, exclusive of any area occupied by a swimming pool. The area shall be free from sharp gravel, glass, or cinder, and shall be well-drained.
b) The access drive for the group child-care home is not a shared driveway unless the applicant shall file the written consent of the abutting property owner.
c) The proposed group child-care home shall be inspected for compliance with the Chapter 14: Housing of the Code of Ordinances. Additional code inspection may be required as is necessary to determine compliance with regulations that are now or may be determined to be specifically applicable to group child care, and for which the City has been determined to be the enforcing agency.
d) The proposed use of the residence for group child care shall not change the essential character of the surrounding residential area, and shall not create a nuisance in fact or law relating to vehicular parking, noise, additional congestion, or density in excess of residential uses of the property in the zone district.
e) The grant of the special exception would not impair the health, safety, welfare, or reasonable enjoyment of adjacent or nearby residential properties.

Child-care centers

Child-care centers are commercial facilities. They shall comply with all state laws and standards and shall obtain valid licenses from the State of Michigan.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right A Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU CNR ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT HDR LDR MDR MHR PUD TNR Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use GMU I NMU RMU

Vehicle Parking:
ED, CMU, GMU, I and RMU Districts: 1 parking space per 300 square feet.
CNR, F, HDR, LDR, MDR MHR, PUD and TNR Districts: 1 parking space per 800 square feet.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
ED, CMU, F, GMU, I, PUD, RMU Districts: Approving authority determination. See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Child-care centers:

a. Zone districts permitted: LDR, CNR, MDR, TNR, HDR, MHR, PUD, and F as an accessory use to a religious institution or K-12 school, ED when accessory to an institution of higher education, and CMU as a principal use.
b. Approving authority.

1) If site plan required: Planning Commission or Administrative Staff.
2) If no site plan required: Zoning Administrator.

c. Additional review processes: special land use in NMU, RMU, GMU, and I Zone Districts per § 39-4.03A.1.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

HDR District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to a religious institution or K-12 school or when located in same structure as 5 or more dwelling units and not exceeding 25% of the total floor area.
MHR District: Permitted as accessory to manufactured housing community and shall not exceed 10% of the community complex.
F Districts: This use is permitted in specfic subdistricts only in this district. See Article 39-3: Form-Based Code for more information.

Child-care, in home (family)

Are private homes where one to seven minor children are supervised and cared for for periods less than 24 hours per day and for more than four weeks during a calendar year by an unrelated adult member in a family child-care provider's home. Children related to the child-care provider may also be cared for and are not included in the seven-children capacity.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU CNR ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR I LDR MDR MHR NMU PUD RMU TNR

Vehicle Parking:
I and PUD Districts: Included with dwelling unit. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Family child-care homes

a. Zone districts permitted: all zone districts that permit residential uses.
b. Approving authority: Zoning Administrator.
c. Standards.

1) The applicant complies with the provisions of Act No. 116 of the Public Acts of 1973, as amended. (MCLA § 722.111 et seq.)

See § 39-12.12B for more information on applications.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

CNR, HDR, MDR, TNR, MHR ,LDR, NMU, CMU, RMU, GMU, ED, I, PUD and F Districts: This use is permitted with 1 to 6 children, but requires a special exception for 6 or more children. See Sec. 39-4.02: Permitted land uses with additional standards for more information.

Drive-thrus

Driveways, windows, and signage associated with a commercial use for the provision of goods and services directly to people in motor vehicles.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU ED F-EDT F-RM F-SSV GMU I NMU PUD RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, ED, F, GMU, I, NMU, RMU Districts: Included with principal use. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
GMU District: Approving authority determination. See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

1. Zone districts permitted: NMU, CMU, RMU, GMU, ED, I, PUD, and F-EDT, F-RM, and F-SSV.
2. Approving authority.

a. If site plan required: Planning Commission or Administrative Staff.
b. If no site plan required: Zoning Administrator.

3. Standards.

a. Nuisance: shall not negatively impact the adjacent properties with excessive traffic, noise, odors, litter, or other similar factors.
b. Stacking. A minimum of one stacking lane shall be provided to accommodate a minimum of seven vehicles. The Planning Commission may alter this standard if the applicant can demonstrate that fewer stacking spaces will not adversely impact the operations of the establishment or negatively impact neighboring properties or the traffic flow in the area.

1) All stacking lanes shall be a minimum of 10 feet wide and shall be positioned not to interfere with normal vehicular on-site traffic, off-site traffic, and entering and exiting traffic.
2) Stacking lanes shall be separate from drive aisles used to access parking spaces.

c. Devices for the transmission of voices shall be directed or muffled to prevent sound from being audible beyond the boundaries of the site.
d. The following are prohibited in the NMU, RMU, ED, F-EDT, F-RM, F-SSV, and PUD Zone Districts, as well as on internal streets in the GMU Zone District.

1) Speakers.
2) Two-way communication systems.

e. If the requirements of the zone district and the requirements for a drive-thru cannot both be met, the drive-thru shall not be approved.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

ED District: This use is permitted accessory to an institution of higher education or K-12 school in this district.
F District: This use is also permitted in EDT, RM, and SSV Districts, but is prohibited in all other subdistricts, and shall meet the requirements of § 39-4.02E.
I District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an industrial use, on lots 1 acre or less, or in nonindustrial outlots. See § 39-2.16D.
GMU District: This use is permitted only on properties abutting 16th Street, 24th Street, or Waverly Avenue in this district.
RMU District: This use is permitted on properties where use standards can be met in this district.

See the zone districts and Sec. 39-4.02: Permitted land uses with additional standards for more information.

Event venues

1. Commercial use designed for temporary gatherings of people for entertainment, collaboration, celebration, or other reasons. Examples include: Banquet facilities, community centers, and meeting facilities.
2. The following uses shall not fall under this definition: movie theaters, bowling alleys, arcades, and similar uses, which shall be considered "recreation, indoor," and religious institutions, which shall be considered "religious institutions."

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right CMU ED GMU HDR I MHR OS PUD Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT NMU RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, ED, GMU, MHR, NMU, RMU Districts: 1 parking space per 500 square feet.
F, OS, PUD Districts: Approving authority determination.
HDR District: 1 parking space per 400 square feet.
I District: Determined by Planning Commission at time of approval.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, ED, F, GMU, HDR, I, MHR, NMU, OS, PUD, RMU Districts: Approving authority determination. See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

ED District: This use is permitted as an accessory use accessory to an institution of higher education or K-12 school in this district.
GMU District: This use is permitted on 2-acre maximum properties in this district.
HDR District: This use is permitted when located in same structure as 5 or more dwelling units and not exceeding 25% of the total floor area in this district.
I District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an industrial use or in nonindustrial outlots. See § 39-2.16D.
MHR District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to a manufactured housing community and shall not exceed 10% of the community complex in this district.
OS District: This use is permitted as an accessory use in this district.

Firearm or archery ranges

An indoor facility that provides opportunities for the safe shooting of firearms and/or arrows.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use with Restrictions CMU I

Vehicle Parking:
CMU and I Districts: 1 parking space per 1,000 square feet. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU and I Districts: Approving authority determination. See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

1. Zone districts permitted as a special land use: CMU and I Zone Districts.
2. Approving authority: Planning Commission.
3. Standards.

a. The basic special land use standards shall be met per § 39-4.03B and Sec. 39-12.08: Special land use review process.
b. Minimum property area: 30,000 square feet.
c. The submittal and approval of the following items:

1) Certification from the indoor range equipment manufacturer that the equipment meets all applicable federal, state, and local regulations for archery and shooting ranges and indicates the size or type of weapon the range is designed for. The indoor range equipment includes all baffles and walls designed to contain arrows and bullets or other projectiles.
2) Certification from the project architect and/or professional engineer that the facility meets the current requirements for all applicable federal, state, and local regulations for archery and shooting ranges.
3) Certification from the contractor or installer that the equipment described in the application has been installed and complies with all manufacturer and architectural directions, requirements, and specifications.
4) Certification from the range operator that the facility will at all times comply with all applicable federal, state, and local regulations, will meet or exceed all commonly accepted shooting range safety and design practices, and will be operated in a manner that protects the health, safety and welfare of the general public.

d. The following standards shall also be adhered to:

1) The range operator shall only allow weapons of the size or type the range is designed for as set forth in the manufacturer's certificate.
2) The applicant or range operator shall not modify the indoor range equipment, on-site lead collection system or HVAC system without first obtaining an amended special land use approval.
3) The range owner shall obtain and maintain a license as required by Chapter 17: Licenses Generally of the Code of Ordinances.
4) The range shall be subject to inspection upon request of the City to verify ongoing compliance with the requirements of this section.
5) The interior of the building shall be impenetrable to the discharge of any bullet or other projectile shot or discharged in the range.
6) Audible noise from the discharge of any firearm shall comply with the requirements of Chapter 19: Nuisances of the City Code of Ordinances.
7) The range shall have an on-site lead cleanup system and HVAC filtration system in compliance with all federal and state regulations.
8) Hours of operation: 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m.

Five or more attached dwelling units

Five or more dwelling units that are all principal uses and can be owned or leased separately. An example is a multifamily apartment building.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right A CMU ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR I PUD RMU Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use with Restrictions NMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, ED, GMU, HDR, NMU, PUD and RMU and I Districts: 1 parking space per dwelling unit.
F-NDT District: 1.12 parking spaces per dwelling unit.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, ED, GMU, HDR, NMU and RMU Districts: 1 long-term parking space per 2 dwelling units; 4 short-term parking spaces for the general public.
F and I Districts: 2 long-term parking spaces per dwelling unit; 4 short-term parking spaces for the general public.
PUD District: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Principal dwelling units:

A. Definition. A "principal dwelling unit" includes single detached dwelling units as well as attached dwellings with one or more units. These dwelling units function as the principal use on a site.
B. Detached dwelling units.

1. Gross floor area: 500 square feet minimum. This requirement may be waived in a planned unit development by the approving authority.
2. Width: 22 feet minimum width measured horizontally from one end of the gross floor area to the other end on an element. This requirement may be waived in a planned unit development by the approving authority.
3. Pitched roof required. Sixty percent of the structure of a single detached dwelling unit shall be constructed with a pitched roof that has a minimum slope of three inches of rise for every 12 inches of horizontal dimension (3:12 slope).
4. Foundation. All single detached dwellings shall be constructed on a permanent, continuous foundation.
5. Exempt. Manufactured homes located in a licensed manufactured housing community shall be exempt from this section.

C. Attached dwelling units.

1. Gross floor area: 300 square feet minimum.
2. Storage space required: 200 cubic feet of storage space shall be provided for each unit when there are five or more attached dwelling units located on a single property. The storage space shall have a floor area of at least 18 square feet and may either be within the dwelling unit or in a common space located in the same building as the unit.

D. Conversions of principal dwelling units. A conversion from a single detached dwelling unit to attached dwelling units or from attached dwelling units to a single detached dwelling unit shall be permitted by the Zoning Administrator and as allowed by the Building Code.

1. Zone districts permitted. Conversions are permitted in any zone district where the converted use is permitted.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

ED District: This use is also permitted as an accessory use to an institution of higher education in this district.
NMU District: This use is permitted as a special land use in this district. See Sec. 39-4.03: Special land uses with basic standards required and Sec. 39-4.04: Special land uses with basic standards and specific use standards required for more information. This use is also permitted with commercial uses listed in this zone district.
CMU District: This use is permitted with commercial uses listed in this zone district.
F District: This use is permitted in specific subdistricts only in this district. See Article 39-3: Form-Based Code for more information.
I District: This use is permitted in nonindustrial outlots. See § 39-2.16D.

Four attached dwelling units

Four dwelling units that are all principal uses and can be owned or leased separately. An example is a small multifamily building and three attached townhomes on the same property.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right A CMU ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR NMU PUD RMU TNR

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, ED, GMU, HDR, NMU, TNR, PUD and RMU Districts: 1 parking space per dwelling unit.
F-NDT District: 1.2 parking spaces per dwelling unit.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Principal dwelling units:

A. Definition. A "principal dwelling unit" includes single detached dwelling units as well as attached dwellings with one or more units. These dwelling units function as the principal use on a site.
B. Detached dwelling units.

1. Gross floor area: 500 square feet minimum. This requirement may be waived in a planned unit development by the approving authority.
2. Width: 22 feet minimum width measured horizontally from one end of the gross floor area to the other end on an element. This requirement may be waived in a planned unit development by the approving authority.
3. Pitched roof required. Sixty percent of the structure of a single detached dwelling unit shall be constructed with a pitched roof that has a minimum slope of three inches of rise for every 12 inches of horizontal dimension (3:12 slope).
4. Foundation. All single detached dwellings shall be constructed on a permanent, continuous foundation.
5. Exempt. Manufactured homes located in a licensed manufactured housing community shall be exempt from this section.

C. Attached dwelling units.

1. Gross floor area: 300 square feet minimum.
2. Storage space required: 200 cubic feet of storage space shall be provided for each unit when there are five or more attached dwelling units located on a single property. The storage space shall have a floor area of at least 18 square feet and may either be within the dwelling unit or in a common space located in the same building as the unit.

D. Conversions of principal dwelling units. A conversion from a single detached dwelling unit to attached dwelling units or from attached dwelling units to a single detached dwelling unit shall be permitted by the Zoning Administrator and as allowed by the Building Code.

1. Zone districts permitted. Conversions are permitted in any zone district where the converted use is permitted.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

NMU and CMU Districts: This use is permitted with commercial uses listed in these zone districts.
F District: This use is permitted in specific subdistricts only in this district. See Article 39-3: Form-Based Code for more information.
ED District: This use is also permitted as an accessory use to an institution of higher education in this district. See Sec. 39-9.05: Accessory structures requiring setbacks.

Funeral homes

A building or part thereof used for human funeral services. The building may contain space and facilities for embalming and the performance of other services used in preparation of the dead for burial, the performance of autopsies, and other surgical procedures, the storage of caskets, funeral urns, and other related vehicles, and other accessory uses as authorized by state law.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT NMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU and NMU Districts: 1 parking space per 300 square feet.
F District: 1 parking space per 800 square feet.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, F, NMU Districts: Approving authority determination. See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Funeral homes:

1. Zone districts permitted: NMU (east of US-31), CMU; F (CENT and F-RM Subdistricts).
2. Approving authority.

a. If site plan required: Planning Commission or Administrative Staff.
b. If no site plan required: Zoning Administrator.

3. Standards.

a. Assembly of vehicles for funeral processions shall not occur in a public street.
b. Where a funeral home is permitted, a funeral chapel shall also be permitted.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

NMU District: This use is permitted east of US-31 only in this district.
See the zone district and Sec. 39-4.02: Permitted land uses with additional standards for more information.
F District: This use is also permitted in the RM and CENT Districts, but prohibited in all other subdistricts. See Article 39-3: Form-Based Code for more information.

Gas stations

A facility designed or used for the retail sale of liquid fuel that is stored in underground tanks and dispensed directly into vehicles or approved containers. Convenience stores may be associated with this use.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right A Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use with Restrictions CMU GMU I

Vehicle Parking:
CMU and GMU Districts: 1 parking space per 300 square feet of retail space, plus 1 parking space per gas pump (located next to the pump).
I District: 1 parking space per 300 square feet of retail space, plus 1 parking space per pump.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, GMU, I Districts: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Gas stations:

1. Zone districts permitted as a special land use: CMU and I Zone Districts and GMU Zone District when on street corridors.
2. Approving authority: Planning Commission.
3. Standards.

a. The basic special land use standards shall be met per Sections 39-4.03B and 39-12.08.
b. A raised curb of six inches in height shall be constructed to separate the landscape planting areas from the driveways and pump areas.
c. Pump islands shall be set back a minimum of 35 feet from all property lines.
d. The site shall be designed to have sufficient truck turning space for fuel deliveries. An internal and external movement diagram is required with the site plan application.
e. All City, county, state, and federal regulations regarding the storage and transportation of gasoline and other flammable liquids shall be met.
f. Canopy structures shall meet the following requirements:

1) Minimum setback: 20 feet.
2) Height.

a) Minimum: 13 feet six inches.
b) Maximum: 20 feet.

3) Lighting and signage on the canopy shall comply with Articles 39-7 and 39-8.
4) A canopy may be either attached or detached from the main building.
5) A canopy shall use a similar roof form, pitch, and materials in order to resemble the roof covering of the main building. Materials, colors, and supporting columns shall coordinate with the design of the main building.
6) A canopy shall not cover architectural details, windows, transparency, or the expression line of the main building.
7) A canopy structure shall not be enclosed.
8) If any part of the canopy is illuminated, highly reflective material shall not be installed on the underside of the canopy.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

GMU District: This use is permitted as a special land use in this district and shall only be approved on properties abutting 16th Street, 24th Street, or Waverly Avenue.
I District: This use is permitted as a special land use accessory to an industrial use or in nonindustrial outlots.
See the zone districts and Sec. 39-4.03: Special land uses with basic standards required and Sec. 39-4.04: Special land uses with basic standards and specific use standards required for more information.

Government/municipal services

Uses owned and operated by a public entity. Examples include public parks, public parki lots, government administration buildings, post offices, and Holland Board of Public Works.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right OS Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use CMU CNR ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT HDR I LDR MDR MHR NMU PUD RMU TNR Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use with Restrictions GMU

Vehicle Parking:
HDR, CMU, CNR, ED, F, GMU, I, LDR, MDR, MHR, NMU, OS, RMU and TNR Districts: Approving authority determination.
PUD District: Determined by Planning Commission at time of application.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
HDR, CMU, CNR, GMU, I, LDR, MDR, MHR, NMU, PUD, RMU and TNR Districts: 1 parking space per 5,000 square feet, minimum 4 parking spaces available to general public.
F District: Included with principal use.
OS District: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

Permitted in all zone districts except OS.

GMU District: This use is permitted as a special land use providing on 2-acre maximum properties in this district.

Greenhouses

An enclosed structure used for the growing and cultivation of flowers, shrubbery, vegetables, trees, and other horticultural goods.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU CNR ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR I LDR MDR MHR NMU OS PUD RMU TNR

Vehicle Parking:
F, I and PUD Districts: Included with principal use.
OS District: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
PUD District: Included with principal use. See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

CNR, F, HDR, LDR, MDR, MHR, NMU, TNR Districts: This is permitted as an accessory use in these districts.
ED District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an institution of higher education or K-12 school in this district.
GMU District: This use is permitted as a special land use on 2-acre maximum properties in this district.

Home occupation/business Types 1 and 2

Business Type 1:
A home-based business, occupation, or profession that results in a product or service that is clearly an accessory, incidental, and secondary use of a residential dwelling unit, which has no employees that live off-site, which does not engage in any on-site retail sales.

Business Type 2:
A home-based business, occupation, or profession that results in a product or service that is clearly an accessory, incidental, and secondary use of a residential dwelling unit, which has no employees that live off-site, which may engage in limited retail sales.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU CNR ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR I LDR MDR MHR NMU PUD RMU TNR

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, CNR, ED, F, GMU, HDR, LDR, MDR, MHR, NMU, RMU, TNR Districts - Type 1: 1 parking space per dwelling unit.
Type 2: 2 parking spaces available.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

1. Zone districts permitted: all zone districts where residential uses are permitted.
2. Approving authority.

a. Home occupation: none.
b. Home-based business Type 1: Zoning Administrator, permit required (Sections 39-12.02 and 39-12.04).
c. Home-based business Type 2: Board of Appeals special exception, permit required (Sections 39-12.02 and 39-12.04).

3. Standards.

a. See Table § 39-4.02G.3.a.
b. Inspections. All Type 1 and Type 2 home-based businesses are subject to inspections per Chapter 14: Housing of the Holland Ordinance Code, and compliance is required before a home-business permit will be issued.
c. Performance standards for noise. The business shall not generate noise, vibrations, smoke, dust, odor, heat, or glare which are detectable beyond the property lines.
d. Recreational lessons/instruction may produce noise generated by a person's voice or noise produced by a person's recreational activity that is detectable beyond the property lines. Furthermore, the business shall not generate any electrical interference with radio or television transmission in the area that would exceed that which is normally produced by a residential dwelling unit.
e. Performance standards for outdoor business, sales and storage. The Board of Appeals shall determine the location and amount of outdoor activities for all Type 2 home-based businesses as follows:

1) Recreational lessons/instruction shall be limited to rear and side yard areas and shall be screened from the neighbors as determined by the Board of Appeals.
2) The outdoor sale and display of horticultural products shall be limited to products such as flowers, fruits, or vegetables and shall be limited to one continuous three-week period each calendar year per parcel. The dates shall be specified by the Board of Appeals.
3) The outdoor sale and display of arts and crafts produced by the home business shall be limited to one continuous three-week period each calendar year per parcel. The dates shall be specified by the Board of Appeals.
4) The Board of Appeals may impose other reasonable conditions and limitations to protect nearby residential premises and persons.

f. Home occupation and home-based business exemptions.

1) Outdoor sales lasting no less than four consecutive days and occurring no more than three times per calendar year shall be considered garage or yard sales, and shall be exempt from this section.
2) The sale of horticultural products grown on the premises may be sold on the premises, and shall be exempt from this section.
3) Piano lessons and similar fine arts lessons are exempt per state law.

4. Prohibited home occupations and home-based businesses.

a. Any repair of motorized vehicles, such as engine repair, painting, or body work to automobiles, trucks, trailers, boats, heavy equipment, and lawn or landscaping equipment.
b. Exterior parking and storage of heavy equipment not typically found in residential areas.
c. Any use not allowed in residential zone districts.

5. Enforcement. Violations of this subsection shall result in the penalties noted in the chart above. Whenever the Zoning Administrator determines that there has been a violation of any provision of this section, they shall give notice of such violation to the person responsible as prescribed in Chapter 14: Housing of the City's Ordinance Code. In case any violation is not remedied within the time set forth in the notice, the following action shall be taken:

a. A home occupation shall be required to apply for a Type 1 or Type 2 home-based business;
b. A Type 1 home-based business permit shall be revoked, or shall be required to apply for a Type 2 home-based business;
c. A Type 2 home-based business shall have a hearing before the Board of Appeals;
d. The person subject to a violation of a Type 2 home-based business permit shall appear and present evidence in response to the enforcement notice to the Board of Appeals. During the hearing, the Zoning Administrator or designated representative shall specify the violation(s) that exists and the remedial action required. The Board of Appeals shall then determine whether to revoke the home-based business permit, allow additional time to remedy the violation, or impose additional conditions to remedy the violation(s).
e. In addition to revocation described above, a person who violates or fails to comply with any provision of this subsection is responsible for a Class II municipal civil infraction and subject to the civil fines set forth in the schedule of fees and charges adopted in Sec. 2-118: Schedule of civil fines established of the City Code of Ordinances or any other relief that may be imposed by the court. Each act of violation and each day upon which such violation occurs shall constitute a separate violation.

See § 39-12.12B for information on application submittal.

Hospitals

An institution licensed by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) to provide in-patient and out-patient medical and surgical services for the sick and injured, and may include related facilities (i.e., laboratories, medical testing services, central service facilities, and staff offices).

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right ED Districts Permitted with Restrictions PUD Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use CMU RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, ED, PUD, RMU Districts: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, ED, PUD, RMU Districts: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

ED District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an institution of higher education or K-12 school in this district.

Institutions of higher education

An institution that provides full-time or part-time education beyond high school. Examples include: universities, community colleges, vocational schools, including cosmetology and truck driving, and art schools.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right ED Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use CMU CNR F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR I LDR MDR MHR NMU RMU TNR

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, CNR, ED, F, GMU, HDR, I, LDR, MDR, MHR, NMU, RMU, TNR Districts: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, CNR, ED, GMU, HDR, I, LDR, MDR, MHR, NMU, RMU, TNR Districts: Approving authority determination.
F District: 1 parking space per 5,000 square feet, minimum of 4 parking spaces available to the general public.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

Permitted in all zone districts except ED.

GMU District: This use is a permitted use and a special land use in this district providing it's on 2-acre maximum properties. Existing uses can expand without special land use.

K-12 schools

A facility that provides a curriculum for Kindergarten through high school instruction. Accessory uses, such as gymnasiums, athletic fields, and cafeterias, shall be considered part of the K-12 school. This definition shall not include testing centers or tutoring centers, which shall be considered "services."

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right A ED Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use CMU CNR F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR I LDR MDR MHR NMU RMU TNR

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, CNR, ED, F, GMU, HDR, I, LDR, MDR, MHR, NMU, RMU, TNR Districts: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, CNR, ED, F, GMU, HDR, I, LDR, MDR, MHR, NMU, RMU, TNR Districts (Special land use): 2 parking spaces per classroom.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

Permitted in all zone districts except OS. Public schools where the State Superintendent has exclusive jurisdiction are exempt from all zoning requirements.

CMU, CNR, F, GMU, HDR, I, LDR, MDR, MHR, NMU, RMU, TNR Districts: This use is a special land use in these districts; however, existing uses can expand without special land use approval.

Kennels

Any lot or premises where three or more dogs over six months of age are boarded and/or housed for compensation.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU District: 1 parking space per 300 square feet. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU District: Approving authority determination. See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Kennels.

1. Zone district permitted: CMU.
2. Approving authority.

a. If site plan required: Planning Commission or Administrative Staff.
b. If no site plan required: Zoning Administrator.

3. Standards.

a. Operation. Kennels shall be in a fully enclosed building. Outdoor yards and runs shall be allowed as an accessory use, and operated during the hours of 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m.
b. Setbacks. Outdoor yards and runs shall be a minimum of 25 feet from all property lines.
c. Nuisances. No kennel shall generate noise, vibrations, dust, or odors which are detectable beyond the property lines.

Maker spaces

Commercial space designed to be used for small-scale, low-impact artisan production of wholesale goods, including but not limited to artwork, foodstuffs, beverages, jewelry, and other handcrafted small-batch products. Any use that in the opinion of the approving authority includes processes that cause negative impacts on surrounding properties due to noise, odor, dust, or vibration, shall be considered "manufacturing."

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right CMU I PUD RMU Districts Permitted with Restrictions GMU Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT NMU

Vehicle Parking:
I, CMU, GMU, NMU, PUD, RMU Districts: 1 parking space per 400 square feet.
F District: No parking in the CDT District, but 1 parking space per 800 square feet in all other subdistricts.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
I, CMU, F, GMU, NMU, PUD, RMU Districts: Approving authority determination. See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

GMU Districts: This use is permitted on 2-acre maximum properties in this district.

Manufactured housing communities

A dwelling unit substantially built, constructed, assembled, and finished at an off-site location from the premises where it is to be located.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right MHR

Vehicle Parking:
MHR District: 1 parking space per dwelling unit. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Additional requirements.

1. Minimum setback for recreational, utility, service, or administrative buildings is 20 feet to exterior property lines and 10 feet to a manufactured housing community property.
2. Any portion of a manufactured housing community located adjacent to the I, NMU, CMU, RMU, GMU, or F Zone Districts shall be fenced or screened to six feet in height.
3. Manufactured homes shall not be occupied unless located on a manufactured housing stand and until all provisions of this section have been complied with.
4. Every manufactured home stand shall be provided with supporting concrete piers or a concrete surface and a minimum of eight tie-down anchors suitable to prevent uplift or overturning and capable of withstanding a withdrawal force of 4,800 pounds without failure.
5. Every manufactured home shall be fully skirted within 30 days of installation on the manufactured home stand.
6. Any manufactured home installed in a manufactured housing community shall comply with the construction standards of all state and local authorities applicable to the construction of manufactured homes and the current standards of the American National Standards Institute for the Construction and Safety of Manufactured Homes.
7. Every manufactured home shall be provided with municipal water and sewer service and with electrical connections. Any utility service, including fuel supply, shall be installed underground.
8. The requirements of Act No. 194 of the Public Acts of 1949, as amended, applicable to manufactured housing communities, are made a part of this chapter the same as if set out herein, and no certificate of occupancy shall be issued until such requirements have been met. All provisions of UDO and the City of Holland Code of Ordinances which apply to residential property within the City not in conflict herewith shall apply to manufactured housing communities.

Streets. Internal circulatory streets within a manufactured housing community shall be curbed and drained and shall comply with the following width standards:

1. Circulatory streets with parking on both sides: 36 feet wide.
2. Circulatory streets with parking on one side: 32 feet wide.
3. Circulatory streets with no parking: 28 feet wide.
4. Courts, culs-de-sac and other limited thoroughfare streets within a development serving not more than 12 mobile home properties shall be provided with an improved surface and be a minimum of 20 feet in width.
5. Except for public streets within a community complex, the responsibility for street maintenance shall be that of the manufactured housing community management and shall be adequate to ensure access by emergency vehicles at all times.

Parking. Where off-street parking is provided on individual manufactured home properties, such manufactured housing properties shall be provided with paved, vehicular access which connects the property to a street within the community complex and is drained in accordance with public street standards.

See Sec. 39-2.10: Manufactured Housing Community Zone District for more detailed information.

Manufacturing: high-intensity

HIGH-INTENSITY MANUFACTURING - A use meeting the definition of "manufacturing" that, in the opinion of the approving authority, could have a substantial negative impact on surrounding residents, businesses, and/or the environment by virtue of any of the following: noise, dust, odor, vibration, aesthetics, truck traffic, rail traffic, structure height, environmental contamination, or causing land on neighboring properties to become unstable or unbuildable.

MANUFACTURING - The mechanical or chemical transformation of materials or substances into new products, including the assembling of component parts, the manufacturing of products, and the blending of materials.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right A Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use with Restrictions I

Vehicle Parking:
In order to ensure that all land uses in the City are provided with an appropriate amount of parking, and that parking lots are designed and maintained to be safe, sustainable, and attractive. Sufficient parking is necessary to ensure economic viability and efficient mobility, but excess parking degrades the built environment, creates safety hazards for pedestrians, bicyclists, and vehicles, and damages the natural environment. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements., required parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Bicycle Parking:
I District: 1 parking space per 20,000 square feet, minimum 4 parking spaces available to general public.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Manufacturing (high-intensity).

1. Zone districts permitted as a special land use: I Zone District.
2. Approving authority: Planning Commission.
3. Additional review processes: low-intensity manufacturing: permitted in I Zone District; special land use approval in CMU and RMU Zone Districts. (See Sections 39-12.12 and 39-12.13.)
4. Standards.

a. The basic special land use standards shall be met per Sections 39-4.03B and 39-12.08.
b. Determination of high intensity vs. low intensity.

1) Staff shall refer proposed uses that may meet the definition of high intensity in Article 39-14 to the Planning Commission for a determination of high intensity.
2) Appeals of high intensity determinations by the Planning Commission shall be made to the Board of Appeals.

Manufacturing: low-intensity

MANUFACTURING, LOW INTENSITY - Manufacturing uses that meet the definition of "manufacturing," but not "high-intensity manufacturing."

MANUFACTURING - The mechanical or chemical transformation of materials or substances into new products, including the assembling of component parts, the manufacturing of products, and the blending of materials.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right A I Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use CMU RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, RMU Districts: 1 parking space per 800 square feet. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, I, RMU Districts: 1 parking space per 20,000 square feet, minimum 4 parking spaces available to general public.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Marinas

A facility for storing, servicing, fueling, berthing, securing, and launching of private or commercial pleasure craft that may include the sale of fuel and incidental supplies for the boat owner, crews, and guests, and small boats for rental/launching.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use with Restrictions CMU CNR ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR I LDR MDR MHR NMU OS PUD RMU TNR

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, CNR, ED, F, GMU, HDR, I, LDR, MDR, MHR, NMU, OS, PUD, RMU, TNR Districts: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, CNR, ED, F, GMU, HDR, I, LDR, MDR, MHR, NMU, OS, PUD, RMU, TNR Districts: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Marinas:

1. Zone districts permitted as a special land use: all zone districts.
2. Approving authority: Planning Commission.
3. Standards.

a. The basic special land use standards are met per § 39-4.03B and § 39-12.08: Special land use review process..
b. Storage of boats shall be permitted. Storage locations for boats shall be delineated on the site plan.
c. Discarding of waste or refuse. Facilities shall be provided at the marina for disposal of refuse from boating holding tanks in a sanitary manner.
d. Refuse and garbage containers with covers shall be provided and kept in clean and sanitary condition.
e. Rest room facilities shall be provided at a ratio of one toilet per 40 boat slips.
f. Access drives between boat storage spaces shall meet the dimensional requirements of UDO.
g. The following accessory uses may be permitted as part of the marina use:

1) Storage of boats.
2) Locker room or rest room facilities.
3) Private club or indoor recreation space.
4) Gas pumps or other boat fueling facilities.
5) Outdoor recreation use.

h. The following accessory uses shall be approved separately from the marina.

1) Restaurants.
2) Vehicle repair (including boats).
3) Residential uses.
4) Public lodging.

5) Event venue or indoor recreation use open to the general public.

Offices

A commercial use for the provision of services to customers or for administrative duties relating to an organization or business. The following uses shall not be included in this definition

1. The direct sale of products to customers on-site, and bank branches, which shall be considered "retail";
2. Public administrative offices, which shall be considered "government/public uses";
3. Buildings dedicated solely to offices of institutions of higher education, which shall be considered "institutions of higher education";
4. Medical offices, which shall be considered "medical or dental clinics"; and
5. Uses requiring large fabrication or testing facilities, which shall be considered "research and development."

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right CMU CNR ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR I LDR MDR MHR NMU OS PUD RMU TNR

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, GMU, PUD Districts: 1 parking space per 200 square feet.
CNR, ED, LDR, MDR, NMU, TNR Districts: 1 parking space per 800 square feet.
HDR, I, MHR, RMU Districts: 1 parking space per 400 square feet.
F District: No parking in the CDT, EDT or CENT subdistricts. 1 parking space 800 square feet in all other subdistricts.
OS District: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, ED, F, GMU, HDR, I, MHR, NMU, OS, PUD, RMU Districts: 1 parking space per 5,000 square feet, minimum 4 parking spaces available to general public.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

D District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an institution of Higher Education or K-12 School in this district.
CNR, TNR, LDR, MDR Districts: This use is permitted as an accessory use to a religious institution or K-12 school in these districts.
HDR District: This use is permitted when located in same structure as 5 or more dwelling units and not exceeding 25% of the total floor area in this district.
MHR District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to manufactured housing community and shall not exceed 10% of the community complex in this district.
OS District: This use is permitted as an accesory use in this district.

Oil and gas drilling

See Chapter 21: Oil and Gas Drilling.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU GMU I NMU RMU

Vehicle Parking:
In order to ensure that all land uses in the City are provided with an appropriate amount of parking, and that parking lots are designed and maintained to be safe, sustainable, and attractive. Sufficient parking is necessary to ensure economic viability and efficient mobility, but excess parking degrades the built environment, creates safety hazards for pedestrians, bicyclists, and vehicles, and damages the natural environment. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements., required parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Oil and gas drilling:

1. Zone districts permitted (with restrictions): NMU, CMU, RMU, GMU, and I Zone Districts. See the zone districts and Sec. 39-4.02: Permitted land uses with additional standards for more information.
2. Approving authority: Zoning Administrator.
3. Standards.

a. Drilling for, and the extraction of, oil, gas, petroleum, and hydrocarbons shall be in compliance with the provisions of Chapter 21: Oil and Gas Drilling.

Outdoor sales, outdoor cafes and sidewalk cafes

SIDEWALK CAFE
Any accumulation of tables, chairs, and other appurtenances, related to or used for the sale of food and drink on public sidewalk property, not fully enclosed by a structure.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU I NMU PUD RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, ED, GMU, I, NMU, RMU Districts: Included with principal use.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Outdoor sales, outdoor cafes, and sidewalk cafes:

1. Outdoor sales.

a. Zone districts permitted.

1) NMU, RMU, GMU, and F Zone Districts: seasonal sales as accessory to a permitted indoor use. The outdoor sales area shall not exceed 20% of each yard area.
2) CMU and I Zone Districts: Principal use and accessory to a permitted indoor use.

b. Approving authority: Zoning Administrator.
c. Exempt: garage and yard sales; see temporary uses § 39-4.02R.

2. Outdoor cafes are located on private property.

a. Zone districts permitted: all zone districts where restaurant uses are permitted.
b. Approving authority: Zoning Administrator; DDA when located in the following F subdistricts: CDT, NDT, EDT, WDT, and CENT. A permit is required (Sections 39-12.02 and 39-12.04).
c. Standards.

1) Outdoor seating areas shall be permitted as an accessory use to a principal restaurant use.
2) The tables, chairs, fencing, and other aspects of the cafe shall be designed to be architecturally compatible with existing structures on the subject property.
3) The cafe shall be free of debris and litter.
4) Only food and beverages may be provided and consumed within the cafe.
5) The cafe shall meet all county, state, and federal requirements for food sales, liquor control, and other relevant regulations.

3. Sidewalk cafes are located on public property.

a. Zone districts permitted: all zone districts where restaurant uses are permitted.
b. Approving authority: Zoning Administrator; DDA when located in the following F subdistricts: CDT, NDT, EDT, WDT, and CENT. The permit shall expire after 365 days unless it is renewed. A permit is required (Sections 39-12.02 and 39-12.04).
c. Standards.

1) Comply with § 39-4.02K.2.c.
2) Shall submit proof of insurance with coverage and terms to be defined by the City Attorney.
3) Safe use of sidewalks. A minimum pedestrian clear width of six feet (eight feet along 8th Street between Columbia Street and Pine Street) is required along all public walkways at all times.
4) The tables and chairs shall not be permanently anchored to the ground.
5) Shall submit a statement indemnifying the City from liability in a form deemed sufficient by the City Attorney.

6) Tulip Time restriction. Nonfenced sidewalk cafes in CDT and EDT shall not operate until one hour after Tulip Time Festival parades.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

GMU District: This use is permitted as an accessory use in this district.
ED District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an institution of higher education or K-12 school in this district.

Outdoor storage and processes

The keeping of industrial or commercial materials or equipment. Also, the conducting of manufacturing, deconstruction, or other industrial processes, outside of an enclosed structure.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right A Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU I RMU

Vehicle Parking:
In order to ensure that all land uses in the City are provided with an appropriate amount of parking, and that parking lots are designed and maintained to be safe, sustainable, and attractive. Sufficient parking is necessary to ensure economic viability and efficient mobility, but excess parking degrades the built environment, creates safety hazards for pedestrians, bicyclists, and vehicles, and damages the natural environment. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements., required parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Outdoor storage and processes.

1. Zone districts permitted: I Zone District as a principal or accessory use and CMU and RMU Zone Districts as an accessory use.
2. Approving authority.

a. If site plan required: Planning Commission or Administrative Staff.
b. If no site plan required: Zoning Administrator.

3. Standards.

a. Screened. All outdoor storage and processes shall be screened from view, as determined by the approving authority.

Parking lots as a principal use

An off-street parking area that is not located on the same property as the principal use it serves or on any property that does not have another principal use.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions ED I Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use with Restrictions CMU F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT

Vehicle Parking:
F District: Approving authority determination. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Permitted as a Special Land Use

1. Zone districts permitted as a special land use: CMU and F Zone Districts.
2. Approving authority: Planning Commission.
3. Additional review processes: permitted in ED and I Zone Districts per § 39-4.02L.
4. Standards.

a. The basic special land use standards are met per § 39-4.03B and Sec. 39-12.08: Special land use review process.
b. In the F Zone District, the Form-Based Code parking lot standards are met per Sec. 39-3.08: Building type standards.
c. Planning Commission determines the parking lot is necessary to support nearby uses.
d. Planning Commission determines the parking lot will not negatively impact the vibrancy, walkability, or historic character of the surrounding area.
e. Uses allowed. Parking lots shall be used for short-term parking, not long-term storage. Commercial repair work, sales, or display shall not take place in any parking lot not associated with an approved vehicle repair or sales use.
f. Structures permitted: shelter for attendants.
g. Setback. See § 39-9.02B.5.
h. Screening. If located within 10 feet of the front lot line, the lot shall be concealed behind a continuous five-to-six-foot-high manicured evergreen hedge or a minimum four-foot-high decorative masonry wall adjacent to the sidewalk. The only openings in the hedges or walls shall be for vehicular and pedestrian entrances.

i. Pedestrian access. Parking lots shall have a minimum of one pedestrian entrance along all street frontages. The Planning Commission may determine that the vehicle entrance is sufficient for a given frontage.
j. Landscaping. Parking lots shall meet all applicable landscape requirements of UDO in Article 39-6: Landscaping and Green Infrastructure.

Permitted with Restrictions:

1. Zone districts permitted: ED and I Zone Districts.
2. Approving authority: Zoning Administrator.
3. Additional review processes: special land use approval in CMU and F Zone Districts per § 39-4.04H.
4. Standards.

a. Uses prohibited. Commercial repair work, sales, or display shall not take place in parking lots, unless the parking lot is associated with an approved vehicle repair or vehicle sales use.
b. See § 39-9.02B.5.
c. Screening. If located within 10 feet of the front lot line, the lot shall be concealed behind a continuous sixty- to seventy-two-inch-high manicured evergreen hedge or a minimum forty-eight-inch-high decorative masonry wall adjacent to the sidewalk. The only openings in the hedges or walls shall be for vehicular and pedestrian entrances.
d. Pedestrian access. Parking lots shall have a minimum of one pedestrian entrance along all street frontages. The Planning Commission may determine that the vehicle entrance is sufficient for a given frontage.
e. Landscaping. Parking lots shall meet all applicable landscape requirements of UDO. See Article 39-6: Landscaping and Green Infrastructure.

Parking structures as the principal use

A structure or a part or a structure used exclusively for the parking or storage of motor vehicles.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions ED I PUD Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use GMU Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use with Restrictions CMU F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT

Vehicle Parking:
F, PUD Districts: Approving authority determination. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Permitted as a Principal Use

1. Zone districts permitted as a special land use: CMU and F Zone Districts.
2. Approving authority: Planning Commission.
3. Additional review processes: permitted in ED and I Zone Districts per § 39-4.02M.
4. Standards.

a. The basic special land use standards are met per § 39-4.03B and Sec. 39-12.08: Special land use review process.
b. In the F Zone District, the Form-Based Code parking structure standards are met per Sec. 39-3.08: Building type standards.
c. Planning Commission determines the parking structure is necessary to support nearby uses.
d. Planning Commission determines the parking lot will not negatively impact the vibrancy, walkability, or historic character of the surrounding area.
e. The ground story shall include a commercial liner building on all street frontages or shall be entirely blocked from street view by buildings.
f. Upper stories shall be designed so that vehicles cannot be seen from the street level.

Permitted with Restrictions

1. Zone districts permitted: ED and I Zone Districts.
2. Approving authority.

a. If site plan required: Planning Commission or Administrative Staff.
b. If no site plan required: Zoning Administrator.

3. Additional review processes: special land use approval in CMU, GMU, and F Zone Districts per § 39-4.04I.
4. Standards.

a. The ground story shall include a commercial liner building on all street frontages or shall be entirely blocked from street view by buildings.
b. Upper stories shall be designed so that vehicles cannot be seen from the street level.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

ED District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an institution of higher education or K-12 school in this district.

Power plant (not wind or solar)

A facility that converts one or more energy sources, including but not limited to water power, fossil fuels, or nuclear power, into electrical energy or steam.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right A Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use I

Vehicle Parking:
In order to ensure that all land uses in the City are provided with an appropriate amount of parking, and that parking lots are designed and maintained to be safe, sustainable, and attractive. Sufficient parking is necessary to ensure economic viability and efficient mobility, but excess parking degrades the built environment, creates safety hazards for pedestrians, bicyclists, and vehicles, and damages the natural environment. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements., required parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Bicycle Parking:
I District: Approving authority determination. See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Public lodging

A facility offering transient lodging accommodations at a daily or weekly rate to the general public, with services such as restaurants, meeting rooms, and recreational facilities. Examples include: hotels, motels, hostels, and extended-stay hotels that do not meet the definition of a "dwelling unit."

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU I PUD RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, ED, F, GMU, PUD, RMU Districts: 1.1 parking spaces per guest room. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, ED, F, GMU, PUD, RMU Districts: 1 parking space per 10 rooms, minimum 4 parking spaces available to general public.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Public lodging.

1. Zone districts permitted: CMU, RMU, GMU, and F Zone Districts; ED and PUD as an accessory use; I as an outlot use.
2. Approving authority: Planning Commission or administrative review team.
3. Standards.

a. F, RMU, GMU, and ED Zone Districts. All rooms shall be accessed by interior hallways.
b. Shall comply with the requirements of Chapter 26: Public Lodging Houses and Residential Care Facilities of the City's Code of Ordinances.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

ED District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an institution of higher education or K-12 school in this district.

Recreation: indoor

An indoor facility for leisure, exercise, and/or entertainment. Examples include: bowling alleys, arcades, indoor playgrounds, fitness centers, sports arenas, and movie theaters.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right CMU ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR I MHR NMU PUD RMU Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use OS

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, ED, F, GMU, HDR, MHR, NMU, OS, PUD, RMU Districts: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
OS District: Approving authority determination. See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

HDR, NMU, RMU Districts: This use is permitted as an accessory use in these districts.
ED Districts: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an institution of higher education or K-12 school in this district.
GMU District: This use is permitted on 2-acre maximum properties in this district.
I District: This use is permitted accessory to an industrial use or in nonindustrial outlots in this district.
MHR District: This use is permitted: as an accessory use to a manufactured housing community in this district.

Recreation: outdoor

An outdoor facility for leisure, exercise, and/or entertainment. Examples include: parks, golf courses, nature preserves, go-carts, batting cages, sports facilities, and ice rinks.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right CMU ED HDR MHR NMU OS PUD Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, ED, F, GMU, HDR, MHR, NMU, OS, PUD, RMU Districts: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
OS District: Approving authority determination. See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

Permitted in the RMU, GMU, F Zone Districts. Public parks are permitted in all zone districts, including zone districts where other outdoor recreation is prohibited or requires special land use approval.

HDR, NMU Districts: This use is permitted as an accessory use in these districts.
ED District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an institution of higher education or K-12 school in this district.
MHR District: This use is permitted: as an accessory use to manufactured housing community in this district.

Recycling collection centers

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions I

Vehicle Parking:
I District: 5 parking spaces. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Recycling collection centers.

1. Zone districts permitted: I Zone District.
2. Approving authority.

a. If site plan required: Planning Commission or Administrative Staff.
b. If no site plan required: Zoning Administrator.

3. Standards.

a. Shall meet the requirements of outdoor storage and processes, Section 39-4.02J3.
b. Materials. Materials collected shall be limited to aluminum, copper, plastic, glass, paper materials, and batteries.
c. Containers. Collection containers shall be a minimum of 20 feet from any property line adjacent to a residential use or residential zone district.
d. Outside storage. If stored outside, recyclable materials shall be within weather-tight containers no higher than eight feet.
e. Screening. Collection containers and recycling locations shall be screened from external view by solid fencing, a vegetative screen, or a combination of both, as approved by the approving authority.

f. Processing equipment. Processing equipment, including crushers and sorting equipment, shall not be part of an outside collection operation.

Religious institutions

A use where people regularly assemble for religious activity. Examples include: a church, synagogue, temple, mosque, or similar religious facility. Accessory uses such as K-12 schools, event venues, or offices, may be approved as part of the religious institution.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right A CMU CNR LDR MDR NMU TNR Districts Permitted with Restrictions ED HDR MHR PUD Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT I RMU Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use with Restrictions GMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, CNR, ED, F, GMU, HDR, I, LDR, MDR, MHR, NMU, RMU, TNR Districts: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, CNR, ED, F, GMU, HDR, I, LDR, MDR, MHR, NMU, RMU, TNR Districts: 1 parking space per 40 seats in worship space, minimum 4 parking spaces available to the general public.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking (Section 39-5.09) for more information.

Development Requirements:
Permitted in the RMU, GMU, I and F Zone Districts.

Research and development

A use within an engineering or testing laboratory that does not involve the mass manufacture, fabrication, processing, or sale of products.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right CMU ED I RMU Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use GMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, ED, GMU, RMU Districts: 1 parking space per 300 square feet.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, ED, GMU, RMU Districts: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

ED District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an institution of higher education or K-12 school in this district.

Restaurants/bars

1. A commercial use where the principal business is the sale of food and beverages to customers. Examples include: full-service restaurants, fast-food restaurants, cafes, bars, and microbreweries/distilleries/wineries. The City may determine that the manufacturing portion of the use is sufficiently large enough to be considered a manufacturing use.
2. The following uses shall not fall under this definition: Tasting counters at grocery stores, which shall be considered "retail"; tasting counters at manufacturing and/or wholesale facilities, which shall be considered "manufacturing" or "wholesale," depending on the principal use of the site.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right CMU ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU I NMU PUD RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, GMU, I, PUD, RMU Districts: 1 parking space per 200 square feet.
ED District: 1 parking space per 400 square feet.
NMU District: 1 parking space per 800 square feet.
F District: No parking in the CDT, EDT and CENT subdistricts, but 1 parking space per 800 square feet in all other subdistricts.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, ED, GMU, I, NMU, PUD, RMU Districts: 1 parking space per 2,000 square feet, minimum 4 parking spaces available to the general public.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

ED District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an institution of higher education or K-12 school in these districts.
I District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an industrial use, on lots 1 acre or less, or in nonindustrial outlots in this district. See § 39-2.16D

Retail

1. A commercial use that sells goods of merchandise to the public on-site. Examples include: grocery/convenience/beverage stores, clothing/shoe/accessory stores, book/music/video/electronics stores, hardware stores, and art galleries with art for sale.
2. The following uses shall not fall under this definition: gas stations, which shall be considered "gas stations"; and real estate brokerages, which shall be considered "services."

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right CMU ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR I NMU OS PUD RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, GMU, I, PUD Districts: 1 parking space per 200 square feet.
ED, NMU Districts: 1 parking space per 800 square feet.
HDR, RMU Districts: 1 parking space per 400 square feet.
F District: No parking in subdistricts CDT, EDT, CENT, but 1 parking space per 800 square feet in all other subdistricts.
OS District: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, ED, F, GMU, HDR, I, NMU, OS, PUD, RMU Districts: 1 parking space per 4,000 square feet for the first 75,000 square feet.
1 parking space per 12,500 square feet for floor area over 75,000 square feet.
Minimum 4 parking spaces available to the general public.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

ED District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an institution of higher education or K-12 school in this district.
HDR District: This use is permitted when located in same structure as 5 or more dwelling units and not exceeding 25% of the total floor area in this district.
I District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an industrial use, on lots 1 acre or less, or in nonindustrial outlots. See § 39-2.16D.
OS District: This use is permitted as an accessory use in this district.

Self-storage facilities

Enclosed space for rent to the general public to store nonperishable goods.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU I MHR RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU District: 0.25 parking spaces per storage unit. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
I District: Approving authority determination. See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Self-storage facilities.

1. Zone districts permitted: CMU, RMU and I Zone Districts.
2. Approving authority.

a. If site plan required: Planning Commission or Administrative Staff.
b. If no site plan required: Zoning Administrator.

3. Standards.

a. Storage units with exterior doorways shall be accessed by a durable pavement drive aisle that is a minimum of 24 feet wide.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

MHR District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to a manufactured housing community in this district.

Services

A commercial use offering technical or specialized services. Examples include: law offices, engineering services, small electronics repair, real estate brokerages, and hair salons.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right CMU ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT HDR I MHR NMU PUD RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, GMU, PUD, RMU Districts: 1 parking space per 200 square feet.
ED, NMU Districts: 1 parking space per 800 square feet.
HDR, I, MHR Districts: 1 parking space per 400 square feet.
F District: No parking in the CDT, EDT and CENT subdistricts, but 1 parking space per 800 square feet in all other subdistricts.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, ED, F, GMU, HDR, I, MHR, NMU, PUD, RMU Districts: 1 parking space per 5,000 square feet, minimum 4 parking spaces available to the general public.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

ED District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an institution of higher education or K-12 school in these districts.
HDR District: This use is permitted when located in same structure as 5 or more dwelling units and not exceeding 25% of the total floor area in this district.
I District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an industrial use, or in nonindustrial outlots. See § 39-2.16D.
MHR District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to a manufactured housing community and shall not exceed 10% of the community complex in this district.

Sexually oriented businesses

A retail, event, indoor recreation, or personal service business where 25% of the floor area is dedicated to, 25% or more of the inventory is composed of, or 25% of the gross revenues derive from items or activities predominantly characterized by an emphasis on matter depicting, describing, or relating to specified anatomical areas or sexual activities.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use CMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU District: 1 parking space per 200 square feet. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Sexually oriented business:

1. Zone districts permitted as a special land use: CMU Zone District.
2. Approving authority: Planning Commission.
3. Standards.

a. The basic special land use standards shall be met per Sections § 39-4.03B and Sec. 39-12.08: Special land use review process..
b. Chapter 40: Sexually Oriented Business Licenses of the Code of Ordinances shall be met.
c. Signs for a sexually oriented business shall comply with the requirements of Article 39-8: Signage, and no sign shall contain any words, lettering, photographs, silhouettes, drawings or pictorial representations of a sexually explicit manner.
d. Location. The proposed use is not located or operated within 500 feet of a religious institution; public or private nursery school, preschool, kindergarten, elementary or secondary school, public park, licensed child-care center, entertainment business oriented toward children or family entertainment, the boundary of any residential zone district or a residential use not located within a residential zone district. The proposed use shall not be located within 1,000 feet of another sexually oriented business. The following shall be met:

1) The separation distance between a sexually oriented business and a use listed in § 39-4.04J.3.d shall be measured from the sexually oriented business structure to the property line of the other use. The separation distance between two sexually oriented businesses shall be measured from property line to property line.
2) An approved sexually oriented business shall not be designated a nonconforming use when determining location proximities.
3) If any portion of the structure or property the sexually oriented business is located in fails to meet the separation distance requirements of this section, then the entire structure or property shall be ineligible for a sexually oriented business use.
4) The distances listed above shall carry across municipal boundaries, such that uses or zone districts not within the boundaries of the City of Holland may restrict the location of sexually oriented businesses.

Shelters

SHELTER
A facility that provides over-night housing accommodations for people who are homeless, displaced from housing, victims of violence or abuse, have an emergency, are in a transitional state, and other similar situations. The facility may provide temporary or semi-permanent housing in a setting that is not considered a single dwelling unit or single family home. The facility may also offer services to the occupants or the public such as counseling, educational classes, vocational training, food service, etc.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU NMU PUD RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, RMU, GMU, ED, I, PUD and F Districts: 1.1 parking spaces per guest room.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, RMU, GMU, ED, I, PUD and F Districts:1 parking space per 10 rooms (minimum 4 parking spaces available to the general public).

Development Requirements:

Shelters:

1. Zone districts permitted: CMU, RMU, GMU, ED, I, PUD and F Zone Districts.
2. Approving authority.

a. If site plan required: Planning Commission or Administrative Staff.
b. If no site plan required: Zoning Administrator.

3. Standards.

a. Shall comply with Chapter 26, Article I, Public Lodging Houses and Shelters, of the City Code of Ordinances.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

ED District: This use is permitted accessory to an institution of higher education of K-12 School.
I District: This use is permitted in non-industrial outlots.

Short-term rentals

A dwelling unit for rent in part or in its entirety for less then 30 consecutive days per occupant and shall be in compliance with Chapter 14 of the City of Holland Code of Ordinances.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right MHR Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU CNR F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR I LDR MDR NMU PUD RMU TNR

Vehicle Parking:
CNR, F, GMU, PUD, RMU, CMU, HDR, I, LDR, MDR, MHR, NMU, TNR Districts: 1 parking space per dwelling unit.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Short-term rentals:

1. Owner-occupied.

a. Zone districts permitted: all zone districts.
b. Approving authority: Zoning Administrator.
c. Standards.

1) The property owner resides in the short-term rental dwelling unit.
2) The property owner may rent one room of the dwelling unit for up to 365 days per year, or up to 60 days while they are away.
3) Shall meet the requirements in Chapter 14: Housing of the Code of Ordinances.

2. Investor-owned in residential zone districts.

a. Zone districts permitted: LDR, CNR, MDR, and TNR Zone Districts.
b. Approving authority: Zoning Administrator.
c. Standards.

1) There shall be a maximum of 25 investor-owned short-term rental units total in the residential zone districts of the City.
2) There shall be a 500-foot separation distance between the property lines of each investor-owned short-term rental dwelling unit.
3) Shall meet the requirements in Chapter 14: Housing of the Code of Ordinances.

3. Investor-owned in all other zone districts.

a. Zone districts permitted: NMU, CMU, RMU, GMU, ED, I, PUD, and F where residential uses are permitted.
b. Approving authority: Zoning Administrator.
c. Standards.

1) Shall meet the requirements in Chapter 14: Housing of the Code of Ordinances.
2) If located in a PUD Zone District, the master deed of the site or general condominium shall state that short-term rentals are allowed.

4. Tulip Time. Notwithstanding the above sections, any dwelling unit may be rented out, in whole or in part, for up to 10 days during the designated Tulip Time Festival.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

HDR, MHR Districts: This use is permitted only when owner-occupied in these districts. See Sec. 39-4.02: Permitted land uses with additional standards for more information.

Single attached dwelling unit

A dwelling unit within the same structure as a commercial use or uses, but with no other dwelling units in the building. An example is a single apartment located above or behind a retail store.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right A CMU ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU NMU PUD RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, ED, F, GMU, NMU, PUD, RMU Districts: 1 parking space per dwelling unit.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:
See Sec. 39-9.04: Principal dwelling units for more detailed information.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

NMU and CMU Districts: This use is permitted with commercial uses listed in these zone districts.
ED District: This use is permitted in this district accessory to an Institution of Higher Education.

Single detached dwelling unit

A dwelling unit that is not within the same structure as another dwelling unit, often referred to as a "single-family home."

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right A CNR ED GMU LDR MDR MHR PUD TNR

Vehicle Parking:
CNR, ED, GMU, LDR, MDR, MHR, PUD, TNR Districts: 1 parking space per dwelling unit.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

See Sec. 39-9.04: Principal dwelling units for more detailed information.

Temporary uses

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions A CMU CNR ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR I LDR MDR MHR NMU OS PUD RMU TNR

Development Requirements:
Temporary uses:

1. Zone districts permitted: all zone districts where the use would not typically be allowed as a permitted use.
2. Approving authority: Zoning Administrator. A permit is required for some uses (Sections 39-12.02 and 39-12.04).
3. Standards.

a. A temporary use shall not last more than two weeks.
b. Examples: arts and craft fairs, carnivals, vehicle sales, vendor sales, etc.
c. Compliance with zoning standards shall be required for approval.
d. Exception to zoning compliance. Parking may be located on a nondurable surface for temporary uses.

4. Garage or yard sales. Shall be allowed up to three times per calendar year, with each sale lasting no more than four consecutive days.

5. Tulip Time. Temporary uses and activities associated with the annual Tulip Time Festival may be authorized by City Council for a prescribed amount of time, and may include activities that would normally be prohibited, such as food trucks in the F Zone District, and sales of merchandise on City property.

Three attached dwelling units

Three dwelling units that are all principal uses and can be owned or leased separately. An example is a small multifamily building and three attached townhomes on the same property.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right A CMU ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR NMU PUD RMU TNR

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, ED, F, GMU, HDR, NMU, PUD, RMU, TNR Districts: 1 parking space per dwelling unit.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

See Sec. 39-9.04: Principal dwelling units for more detailed information.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

NMU and CMU Districts: This use is permitted with commercial uses listed in these zone districts.
ED District: This use is also permitted as an accessory use to an institution of higher education in this district.
F District: This use is permitted in specific subdistricts only in this district. See Article 39-3: Form-Based Code for more detailed information.

Transportation and logistics

A use primarily for loading and unloading trucks.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right I Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use CMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU District: 1 parking space per 800 square feet. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, I Districts: Approving authority determination. See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Two attached dwelling units

Two dwelling units that are both principal uses and can be owned or leased separately. Examples include duplexes, or two attached townhomes.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right A CMU ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR MDR NMU PUD RMU TNR

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, ED, F, GMU, HDR, MDR, NMU, PUD, RMU, TNR Districts: 1 parking space per dwelling unit.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

See Sec. 39-9.04: Principal dwelling units for more information.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

NMU and CMU Districts: This use is permitted with commercial uses listed in these zone districts.
ED District: This use is also permitted as an accessory use to an institution of higher education in this district.
F District: This use is permitted in specific subdistricts only. See Article 39-3: Form-Based Code for more detailed information.

Vehicle repair

1. An enclosed building where the following services may be carried out: general repairs, engine rebuilding, collision services, and painting of vehicles.
2. The following uses shall not be included under this definition: bicycle repair or lawn mower repair, which shall be considered "retail."

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU GMU I Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use with Restrictions NMU RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, GMU, NMU, RMU Districts: 3 parking spaces per vehicle bay.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, GMU, I, NMU, RMU Districts: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Permitted land uses with additional standards:

1. Zone districts permitted: CMU, RMU, and I Zone Districts; GMU Zone District on corridors designated in Sec. 39-2.14: Greenfield Mixed Use Zone District.
2. Approving authority.

a. If site plan required: Planning Commission or Administrative Staff.
b. If no site plan required: Zoning Administrator.

3. Additional review processes: special land use approval for additions to existing vehicle repair uses in the NMU Zone District per § 39-4.04K.
4. Standards.

a. Location. Servicing and repair of vehicles shall be permitted only inside a fully enclosed building.
b. Outside storage or parking of disabled, wrecked, inoperable, or partially dismantled vehicles shall not be permitted outside of specifically designated areas. Outdoor storage of damaged or inoperable vehicles shall be subject to all requirements for outdoor storage in § 39-4.02J.3.
c. Building elevations shall specify the locations of overhead doors. All overhead doors shall be accessed by drive aisles that meet the dimensional standards of UDO.
d. Vehicle sales associated with repair facilities shall receive zoning approval for each use, and shall meet all applicable standards, including those in § 39-4.02T.4.
e. City, county, state, and federal regulations for the storage, transportation, and disposal of oil, gasoline, and other flammable liquids shall be met.

Special land uses with basic standards and specific use standards required:

1. Zone district permitted as a special land use: NMU Zone District.
2. Approving authority: Planning Commission.
3. Additional review processes: permitted in CMU, RMU, and I Zone Districts. In GMU Zone District on corridors per § 39-4.02S.
4. Standards.

a. The vehicle repair use is existing.
b. The basic special land use standards are met per Sections§ 39-4.03B and Sec. 39-12.08: Special land use review process.
c. Servicing and repair of vehicles shall only be permitted inside a fully enclosed building.
d. Outside storage or parking of disabled, wrecked, inoperable, or partially dismantled vehicles shall not be permitted outside of areas specifically designated on the site plan. Outdoor storage of damaged or inoperable vehicles shall be subject to all requirements for outdoor storage in § 39-4.02J.
e. Overhead doors shall be clearly indicated on building elevations. All overhead doors shall be accessed by drive aisles that meet the dimensional standards of UDO.
f. Vehicle sales associated with repair facilities shall receive separate zoning approval from the City, and shall meet all applicable standards, including those in § 39-4.04L.
g. All City, county, state, and federal regulations regarding the storage, transportation, and disposal of oil, gasoline, and other flammable liquids shall be met.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

GMU District: This use is permitted on corridors designated in Section 39-2.14
NMU District: This use is permitted as a special land use for expansion of existing uses in this district.

Vehicle sales

1. A building or premises used primarily for the sale of new or used automobiles and other motor vehicles. Examples include: new and used car sales, recreational vehicle sales, motorcycle/powersport sales, construction equipment sales, and boat sales.
2. The following uses shall not fall under this definition: bicycle sales and lawn mower sales, which shall be considered "retail."

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use with Restrictions NMU RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, NMU Districts: 1 parking space per 1,000 square feet of indoor showroom, plus per 1 parking space per 10 outdoor display spaces.
RMU District: 1 parking space per 1,000 square feet of indoor showroom.
See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, NMU, RMU Districts: Approving authority determination.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:
Vehicle sales:

1. Zone districts permitted as a special land use: RMU Zone District; NMU Zone District if there is an existing vehicle sales use.
2. Approving authority: Planning Commission.
3. Additional review processes: permitted in CMU Zone District per § 39-4.02T.
4. Standards.

a. The basic special land use standards are met per § 39-4.03B and Sec. 39-12.08: Special land use review process.
b. If located in NMU, the vehicle sales use is existing.
c. Vehicle display, parking, and circulation areas shall be paved with a durable surface, and include bumper guards, curbing, or another means approved by the Planning Commission that separates paved areas from landscaped and lawn areas.
d. Outdoor display areas shall be located a minimum of 10 feet from all property lines. Display spaces shall be clearly delineated on the site plan. All display vehicles shall be parked in display spaces. Display cars shall not be parked in required parking spaces.
e. Vehicle repair facilities associated with vehicle sales facilities shall receive separate zoning approval from the City, and shall meet all applicable standards, including those in § 39-4.04L.
f. A permanent structure of a minimum of 500 square feet shall be provided on the lot to serve as offices and rest rooms for the vehicle sales use.

Additional standards

1. Zone district permitted: CMU.
2. Approving authority.

a. If site plan required: Planning Commission or Administrative Staff.
b. If no site plan required: Zoning Administrator.

3. Additional review processes: special land use in RMU Zone District; NMU Zone District for existing vehicle sales uses per § 39-4.04L.
4. Standards.

a. Vehicle display, parking, and circulation areas shall be paved with a durable surface and include bumper guards or curbing that separates paved areas from landscaped and lawn areas. Another means may be approved by the Planning Commission.
b. Outdoor display areas shall be located a minimum of 10 feet from all property lines. Display spaces shall be clearly delineated on the site plan. All display vehicles shall be parked in display spaces. Display cars shall not be parked in required parking spaces.
c. Vehicle repair associated with vehicle sales facilities shall receive zoning approval for each use, and shall meet all applicable zoning standards, including those in § 39-4.02S.4.
d. A minimum 500-square-foot permanent structure shall be provided on the lot to serve as offices and rest rooms for the vehicle sales use.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

NMU District: This use is permitted as a special land use for expansion of existing uses in this district.

Vehicle wash

A building or portion thereof or an area of land where automobiles are washed.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU GMU I Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, GMU, I, RMU Districts: 10 parking spaces. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, GMU, I, RMU Districts: Approving authority determination. See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:
Vehicle wash:

1. Zone districts permitted: CMU, RMU, and I Zone Districts, and GMU Zone District on corridors.
2. Approving authority.

a. If site plan required: Planning Commission or Administrative Staff.
b. If no site plan required: Zoning Administrator.

3. Standards.

a. Stacking lane(s) shall be provided for a minimum of seven vehicles. The stacking lane(s) shall be designed to prevent vehicles from queuing into an adjacent street.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

GMU District: This use is permitted only on properties abutting 16th Street, 24th Street, or Waverly Avenue.

Vendor trucks (food trucks)

A truck, camper, trailer, tent, stand or similar mobile structure used to sell food, merchandise, goods, wares or services from a fixed location.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU I NMU PUD RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, ED, F, GMU, I, NMU, RMU Districts: Included with principal use. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Vendor trucks:

1. Zone districts permitted: NMU, CMU, RMU, GMU, ED, I, PUD and F Zone Districts.
2. Approving authority: Zoning Administrator.
3. Additional review processes.

a. F-CDT, F-NDT, F-EDT, and F-CENT Subdistricts and NMU Zone District: permitted on private property as part of an outdoor cafe per § 39-4.02K.2. Permitted on any private property for a special event lasting no more
than 24 hours with a maximum of 6 events per calendar year.

b. PUD: permitted if allowed by the original development agreement, or if a site plan amendment is made.

c. On Public Property including Parks, Streets and other City owned Property: Permitted when approved by the City Manager through the Use of City Facilities process. Except for Windmill Island Gardens, the Civic Center Place and the Farmer’s Market may be approved by the Department Director of that facility, or their designee.

4. Standards.

a. Shall be permitted as either a permanent or a temporary use unless otherwise stated in this chapter.

b. Each vendor shall obtain an annual license from the City Clerk’s office per
Chapter 17: Licenses Generally and Chapter 24: Peddlers, Transient Merchants, Horse-Drawn Carriages and Street Performers of the Code of Ordinances.

c. Transient merchants and peddlers. The standards above shall not apply to drummers and peddlers that are regulated by Chapter 24: Peddlers and Transient Merchants of the Code of Ordinances.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

ED District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an institution of higher education or K-12 school in this district.
I District: This use is permitted as an accessory use in this district.

Warehousing

Storage, wholesale, and distribution of manufactured products, supplies, and equipment.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right A ED Districts Permitted with Restrictions CMU I RMU

Vehicle Parking:
CMU, RMU Districts: 1 parking space per 800 square feet. See Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements for more detailed information.

Bicycle Parking:
CMU, I, RMU Districts: 1 parking space per 50,000 square feet, minimum 4 parking spaces available to the general public.
See Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking for more detailed information.

Development Requirements:

Warehousing:

1. Zone districts permitted: CMU, RMU, and I Zone Districts.
2. Approving authority.

a. If site plan required: Planning Commission or Administrative Staff.
b. If no site plan required: Zoning Administrator.

3. Standards.

a. A complete list of all flammable, explosive, and hazardous materials to be stored shall be submitted with the site plan application.

Special requirements for specific districts are below. Please note that these are not necessarily the only districts where this use is permissible. To see the full list of districts where this use is permitted, permitted with restrictions or permitted as a special land use, click on the map pin icon above.

ED District: This use is permitted as an accessory use to an institution of higher education or K-12 school in this district.

Wireless communication facilities

A freestanding facility, building, pole, tower, or structure used to provide commercial cellular telecommunication services, that consists of antennas, equipment and storage, and other accessory structures.

Districts Where Allowed Districts Allowed by Right A Districts Permitted with Restrictions CNR ED F-CDT F-CENT F-EDT F-NDT F-RM F-SIXT F-SSV F-WASH F-WDT GMU HDR LDR MDR MHR NMU PUD RMU TNR Districts Permitted as a Special Land Use with Restrictions CMU I OS

Vehicle Parking:
In order to ensure that all land uses in the City are provided with an appropriate amount of parking, and that parking lots are designed and maintained to be safe, sustainable, and attractive. Sufficient parking is necessary to ensure economic viability and efficient mobility, but excess parking degrades the built environment, creates safety hazards for pedestrians, bicyclists, and vehicles, and damages the natural environment. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.02: Off-street parking and loading requirements., required parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Bicycle Parking:
In order to ensure that bicycle parking is provided to support land uses throughout the City. The use of bicycles for transportation reduces automobile congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, while also providing exercise and recreation for City residents. Therefore, UDO encourages increased bicycle usage by requiring bicycle parking for certain uses, just as automobile parking is required. In addition to the standards in Sec. 39-9.03: Bicycle parking, required bicycle parking spaces by use and zone district can be found in Article 39-2: Zone Districts.

Development Requirements:

Wireless communication facilities:

1. Zone districts permitted as a special land use: CMU, I, and OS Zone Districts when a new structure is 40 feet or greater in height.
2. Approving authority: Planning Commission.
3. Additional review processes.

a. Permitted in all zone districts when mounted on an existing structure per § 39-4.02X.
b. Permitted in CMU, RMU, GMU, I, OS, PUD, and F Zone Districts when the new structure is less than 40 feet in height. Small cell wireless facilities on private property per § 39-4.02X, and small cell wireless facilities on public property per Chapter 7: Cable Television and Telecommunicationsare permitted.

4. Standards.

a. The basic special land use standards are met per § 39-4.03B and Sec. 39-12.08: Special land use review process.
b. Documentation shall be submitted showing that the facility is in compliance with all applicable FCC regulations regarding radio frequency emissions and that the facility will not cause interference with any nearby existing wireless communications facilities.
c. If a new structure is to be constructed for the facility, it shall meet the following standards:

1) Lighting on the structure shall be prohibited unless required by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).
2) The structure shall be a monopole design. Guyed and lattice structures are prohibited.
3) No signage shall be placed upon the structure.

d. The structure shall be the shortest possible height required to provide the service desired. The applicant shall submit coverage and/or capacity information, including propagation maps and other information requested by the City, to demonstrate the needed service improvement and why the requested height is necessary. The City may request further information, including propagation maps, demonstrating the service at lower heights, in order to determine whether the requested height is necessary.
e. Any structure proposed to be constructed higher than 200 feet in height, anywhere within the City, shall require the approval of the West Michigan Airport Authority, or its designated staff member, as part of the required site plan approval.

f. Time limit under state law. Review under this section shall be completed within the time limits imposed by MCLA 460.1317(2). The Zoning Administrator shall determine when the application is complete under MCLA 460.1317.

Wireless communication facilities less than 40 feet.

1. Zone districts permitted: all zone districts when mounted on an existing structure; CMU, GMU, RMU, I, OS, PUD, and F Zone Districts when new structure is less than 40 feet in height.
2. Approving authority: Zoning Administrator.
3. Additional review processes.

a. Special land use approval if 40 feet or greater in height in the CMU, I, and OS Zone Districts per § 39-4.04M.

4. Standards.

a. Documentation shall be submitted showing that the facility is in compliance with all applicable Federal Communications Commission regulations regarding radio frequency emissions and that the facility will not cause interference with any nearby existing wireless communications facilities.
b. Lighting shall not be added to the structure unless required by the Federal Aviation Administration.

5. Small cell wireless facilities co-located and on private property.

a. hall be reviewed in the same manner and following the standards of § 39-4.02X.3.
b. Shall meet the standards set forth in MCLA 460.1317(2) and (3) and in Chapter 7: Cable Television and Telecommunications of the Code of Ordinances.

6. Small cell wireless facilities are exempt from this section if they meet one of the following:

a. Located on a public property or in the street right-of-way.
b. The replacement of a small cell wireless facility with a small cell wireless facility that is not larger or heavier than the existing facility and is in compliance with applicable codes.
c. Routine maintenance of a small cell wireless facility, utility pole, or wireless support structure.
d. Micro wireless facility installation, placement, maintenance, operation, or replacement of that is suspended on cables strung between utility poles or wireless support structures in compliance with applicable codes.

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